A chemical model for lunar non-mare rocks

Nearly all rocks returned from the moon are readily divided into three broad categories on the basis of their chemical compositions: (1) mare basalts, (2) non-mare rocks of basaltic composition (KREEP, VHA), and (3) anorthositic rocks. Only mare basalts may unambiguously be considered to have original igneous textures and are widely understood to have an igneous origin. Nearly all other lunar rocks have lost their original textures during metamorphic and impact processes. It is shown that for these rocks one must work primarily with chemical data in order to recognize and define rock groups and their possible modes of origin. Non-mare rocks of basaltic composition have chemical compositions consistent with an origin by partial melting of the lunar interior. The simplest origin for rocks of anorthositic chemical composition is the crystallization and removal of ferromagnesian minerals. It is proposed that the rock groups of anorthositic and non-mare basaltic chemical composition could have been generated from a single series of original but not necessarily primitive lunar materials

A chemical model for lunar non-mare rocks

Nearly all rocks returned from the moon are readily divided into three broad categories on the basis of their chemical compositions: (1) mare basalts, (2) non-mare rocks of basaltic composition (KREEP, VHA), and (3) anorthositic rocks. Only mare basalts may unambiguously be considered to have original igneous textures and are widely understood to have an igneous origin. Nearly all other lunar rocks have lost their original textures during metamorphic and impact processes. For these rocks one must work primarily with chemical data in order to recognize and define rock groups and their possible modes of origin. Non-mare rocks of basaltic composition have chemical compositions consistent with an origin by partial melting of the lunar interior. The simplest origin for rocks of anorthositic chemical composition is the crystallization and removal of ferromagnesian minerals. It is proposed that the rock groups of anorthositic and non-mare basaltic chemical composition could have been generated from a single series of original, but not necessarily primitive, lunar materials

A Study of Flow Separation in Transonic Flow Using Inviscid and Viscous Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Schemes

A comparison of flow separation in transonic flows is made using various computational schemes which solve the Euler and the Navier-Stokes equations of fluid mechanics. The flows examined are computed using several simple two-dimensional configurations including a backward facing step and a bump in a channel. Comparison of the results obtained using shock fitting and flux vector splitting methods are presented and the results obtained using the Euler codes are compared to results on the same configurations using a code which solves the Navier-Stokes equations

The evaluation of certain treatments for weed control in tobacco plant beds

During the past few years chemicals have been introduced and are in most cases proving effective for weed control in plant beds. The two most widely used are calcium cyanamide and methyl bromide. Allyl alcohol has had limited use. Since these chemicals are now being used, it was decided that an evaluation be made under farm conditions over the East Tennessee Burley Tobacco area to evaluate these materials for weed control, stand of plants, and quality of plants. Calcium cyanamide is sold in two forms: as a powder under the brand name Aero Cyanamid, and in the granular form as Aero Cyanamid, Granular (13)*. The granular form is the one most used for weed control in tobacco beds and the one used in this work. For simplicity and brevity, the term cyanamid will be used throughout the remaining part of this paper. It is a material that contains 21 per cent nitrogen and kills weed seeds on contact. It is black in color because of the presence of carbon and is distinctly alkaline, due to the presence of lime. One ton of cyanamid has a CaC03 equivalent of 1260 pounds basic (8). Methyl bromide under pressure or at low temperatures is an odorless clear liquid but it quickly vaporizes at temperatures above 43º F. It disperses rapidly and has remarkable penetrating powers. Its killing action is rapid and it is quickly dissipated after fumigation is completed. The gas is three times as heavy as air. The material used in these investigations is known commercially as Dowfume MC-2 which contains 98 per cent methyl bromide and 2 per cent chloropicrin which acts as a warning agent (3). Allyl alcohol is a free flowing liquid with a pungent odor and is miscible with water. Allyl alcohol, sold under the brand name of Iscoweed, was used in these investigations (12)

Dancing Silhouettes: Lotte Reiniger\u27s \u3ci\u3eThe Adventures of Prince Achmed\u3c/i\u3e: A Critical Study

Lotte Reiniger’s The Adventures of Prince Achmed has been relegated to a curiosity in film history textbooks for some time. Known as the first surviving feature length animated film, it is talked about but rarely seen. However, it is more than just a point in a film history timeline. The film is a beautiful piece of art that engages with the time period in which it was made in a critical and political way. The subject matter, silhouettes as animation, the political atmosphere of Weimar Republic Era Berlin and the role of the spectator are all explored in this thesis in an effort to raise The Adventures of Prince Achmed out of obscurity

Intrinsic carrier mobility of multi-layered MoS2_2 field-effect transistors on SiO2_2

By fabricating and characterizing multi-layered MoS$_2$-based field-effect transistors (FETs) in a four terminal configuration, we demonstrate that the two terminal-configurations tend to underestimate the carrier mobility $\mu$ due to the Schottky barriers at the contacts. For a back-gated two-terminal configuration we observe mobilities as high as 125 cm$^2$V$^{-1}$s$^{-1}$ which is considerably smaller than 306.5 cm$^2$V$^{-1}$s$^{-1}$ as extracted from the same device when using a four-terminal configuration. This indicates that the intrinsic mobility of MoS$_2$ on SiO$_2$ is significantly larger than the values previously reported, and provides a quantitative method to evaluate the charge transport through the contacts.Comment: 8 pages, 5 figures, typos fixed, and references update

Can we use Weak Lensing to Measure Total Mass Profiles of Galaxies on 20 kiloparsec Scales?

Current constraints on dark matter density profiles from weak lensing are typically limited to radial scales greater than 50-100 kpc. In this paper, we explore the possibility of probing the very inner regions of galaxy/halo density profiles by measuring stacked weak lensing on scales of only a few tens of kpc. Our forecasts focus on scales smaller than the equality radius (Req) where the stellar component and the dark matter component contribute equally to the lensing signal. We compute the evolution of Req as a function of lens stellar mass and redshift and show that Req=7-34 kpc for galaxies with the stellar mass of 10^{9.5}-10^{11.5} solar masses. Unbiased shear measurements will be challenging on these scales. We introduce a simple metric to quantify how many source galaxies overlap with their neighbours and for which shear measurements will be challenging. Rejecting source galaxies with close-by companions results in about a 20 per cent decrease in the overall source density. Despite this decrease, we show that Euclid and WFIRST will be able to constrain galaxy/halo density profiles at Req with signal-to-noise ratio >20 for the stellar mass of >10^{10} solar masses. Weak lensing measurements at Req, in combination with stellar kinematics on smaller scales, will be a powerful means by which to constrain both the inner slope of the dark matter density profile as well as the mass and redshift dependence of the stellar initial mass function.Comment: 19 pages, 14 figures, 3 tables, submitted to MNRAS, included the referee comment